Angina — Reference Guide

? Angina

Understanding Angina – How to Recognise and Respond

Learning Objectives

By the end of this module, you will be able to:

✔ Define what Angina is and why it happens

✔ Spot the key signs and symptoms quickly

✔ Take the right immediate actions to help someone

✔ Know when to call emergency services

What is Angina?

Angina is chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. This happens when the coronary arteries become narrowed.
It’s often triggered by physical activity or stress and usually improves with rest or medication.

Signs and Symptoms 

  • Vice-like, crushing chest pain
  • Shortness of breath
  • Sweating
  • Light-headedness or dizziness
  • Anxiety

Typically lasts around 5 minutes and improves with rest or medication.

Immediate Actions – What Should You Do?

  • ✅ Stop any activity and help the person sit in a comfortable position (W position).
  • ✅ Reassure them and monitor breathing.
  • ✅ If they have prescribed medication (GTN spray/tablets), assist them in taking it.
  • ? If pain persists for more than 10 minutes, worsens, or feels different from usual, call 999/112 immediately.

Medication Guidance

If the person is over 16 and not allergic, allow them to slowly chew an aspirin (150–300 mg) if available.

When to Escalate

Call emergency services if:

  • Pain does not improve with rest or medication
  • Pain lasts longer than 10 minutes
  • Symptoms worsen or differ from previous episodes

Angina vs Heart Attack – Know the Difference

  • Angina: Temporary chest pain, relieved by rest or medication.
  • Heart Attack: Persistent pain, often longer than 30 minutes, requires emergency intervention.

© 2025 First Aid For All | Skills for Life

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