Sickle Cell — Reference Guide

? Sickle Cell

Recognize, manage, and support individuals with Sickle Cell Disease

? Sickle Cell Disease is a genetic blood disorder where red blood cells become rigid and shaped like sickles. This causes blockages in blood flow, leading to severe pain and potential complications.

? Signs and Symptoms

  • Severe pain (often in the chest, abdomen, joints, or bones)
  • Swelling (especially in hands and feet)
  • Fever
  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Shortness of breath
  • Paleness or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes)
  • Headaches or dizziness
  • Signs of infection (e.g., cough, sore throat)

Treatment

  1. Keep the person calm and warm: Reduce stress and avoid chills which can worsen symptoms.
  2. Help them into a comfortable position: Lying down with support to ease pain.
  3. Offer prescribed pain relief if available: They may have painkillers such as paracetamol, ibuprofen, or stronger meds prescribed.
  4. Encourage fluids (if conscious): Hydration helps reduce blood cell stickiness and improve flow.
  5. Monitor for serious symptoms: Watch for chest pain, difficulty breathing, confusion, or signs of stroke.
  6. Do not apply cold: Cold can worsen symptoms by constricting blood vessels.

? Call Emergency Services (999/112) if:

  • Pain is severe and not improving
  • They have chest pain, difficulty breathing, or sudden weakness
  • They appear confused, have slurred speech, or collapse
  • Signs of infection with fever or chills

? Aftercare and Support

  • Ensure follow-up with their GP or haematology specialist
  • Encourage them to keep hydrated and rested
  • Keep record of episodes and medication given

? Extra Tips for Carers and Schools

  • Know the person’s individual care plan
  • Avoid triggers: cold weather, dehydration, high altitudes, strenuous exercise
  • Encourage regular attendance at check-ups and vaccinations

Related Topics

Further Information

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